Chargé de Recherche CNRS, HDR
Membre de : Pôle Génome
Tel: +33(0)1 69 15 58 94
arnaud.le-rouzic@universite-paris-saclay.frsecondary emails: arnaud.le-rouzic@cnrs.fr, arnaud.lerouzic.cnrs@gmail.com
Thèmes de recherche
Mon travail de recherche vise à améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes de l’évolution des espèces par une approche théorique. Cette approche consiste à mettre au point des modèles, basés sur les connaissances actuelles en biologie évolutive, afin de formaliser et de tester des hypothèses. Ces modèles peuvent également servir de support à des outils statistiques, qui vont permettre d’estimer des paramètres clé pour comprendre l’évolution d’un système à partir de données empiriques.
Approches théoriques de l’évolution du génome
Les progrès techniques au cours des dernières décennies ont rendu de plus en plus facile l’accumulation de données sur le contenu des génomes. En parallèle, avec le développement de la bio-informatique, l’analyse automatisée de ces génomes a permis de comparer l’ensemble de l’ADN entre individus de la même espèce, et entre espèces plus ou moins éloignées. Les principes généraux de l’évolution des génomes correspondent aux cadre de la théorie de l’évolution: certaines séquences d’ADN sont conservées entre les espèces du fait de la sélection naturelle qui maintient leurs fonction, d’autres évoluent rapidement car elles sont impliquées dans l’adaptation des espèces à leur environnement, d’autres enfin semblent indifférentes à sélection, et évoluent neutralement. Cependant, l’impact respectif de la sélection (évolution orientée) et de la dérivé génétique (évolution neutre) reste une source de questions et de controverses dans la communauté scientifique. Par exemple, la taille du génome varie entre les espèces, sans qu’on ne connaisse réellement le rôle de la sélection dans ce processus. Le nombre de gènes varie également, la complexité des réseaux d’interactions entre les gènes, ainsi que la diversité et la quantité des séquences répétées et d’ADN «parasite», comme les éléments transposables. La modélisation de l’évolution des génomes est destinée à comprendre, à l’aide de modèles mathématiques et informatiques plus ou moins sophistiqués, la manière dont l’ADN des espèces change au cours du temps. Le but d’un tel travail est non seulement de définir les mécanismes majeurs qui expliquent l’évolution d’un système d’une telle complexité, mais aussi d’interpréter les données observées dans le cadre de la génétique des populations et de la théorie de l’évolution.
Génétique quantitative évolutive
L’architecture génétique des caractères quantitatifs peut être extrêmement complexe. Des traits en rapport avec la taille d’un organisme, sa morphologie ou son comportement peuvent être influencés par des dizaines de gènes et par l’environnement, et les différents facteurs peuvent interagir de manière difficilement prévisible. Pourtant, il est nécessaire de comprendre les propriétés générales de tels caractères, pour prédire leur propriétés et leur évolution. Comme il est très difficile d’acculumer assez de données et de mesures précises pour disséquer finement leur architecture génétique, on décrit fréquemment de tels caractères par leurs propriétés statistiques, à l’aide des outils de la génétique quantitative. Ces outils, au prix d’un certain nombre d’approximations, permettent de tirer des prédictions puissantes sur la manière dont les caractères évoluent. L’influence des détails particuliers de l’architecture génétique (nombre de gènes, propriétés de la population, présence d’interactions entre gènes ou avec les conditions environnementales) sur la qualité des prédictions reste cependant mal connue. L’objectif de mon travail de recherche est de fournir des outils mathématiques et statistiques destinés à comprendre la manière dont les caractères évoluent sur différentes échelles de temps, et de quantifier le pouvoir de prédiction de tels outils, en les confrontant à des observations réelles ou à des données simulées.
Logiciels
noia
Le paquet ‘noia’ est une adaptation pour R du modèle de l’Interaction Naturelle et Orthogonale (NOIA), une structure statistique destinée à estimer et manipuler les effets génétique des caractères quantitatifs. Cette page est un mode d’emploi qui donne des indications sur l’utilisation du logiciel. De plus, il donne des concepts de base de la modélisation en génétique quantitative : noia-tutorial .
sra
Le paquet ‘sra’ pour R fournit un ensemble d’outils pour analyser les changements d’une architecture génétique au cours de la réponse à la sélection artificielle. Cette page est un mode d’emploi informel décrivant l’usage du logiciel : tutoriel .
Liens externes
Mastodon: @arnaudlerouzic@fediscience.org
Researcher ID: A-4106-2008
ORCID number: /0000-0002-2158-3458
Google Scholar Citation
Publications
5105424
le rouzic
1
apa
1000
date
desc
Le Rouzic, A
757
https://www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Theoretical Population Biology ,
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2023.02.001
Petit, A. J. R., Guez, J., &
Le Rouzic, A . (2023). Correlated stabilizing selection shapes the topology of gene regulatory networks.
Genetics ,
224 (2), iyad065.
https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyad065
Pavlicev, Mihaela, Bourg, S., & Le Rouzic, A . (2023). The genotype-phenotype map structure and its role for evolvability. In T. Hansen, D. Houle, M. Pavlicev, & C. Pélabon (Eds.), Evolvability: A Unifying Concept in Evolutionary Biology? (pp. 147–170). The MIT Press.
Chevin, L.-M., Leung, C.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Uller, T. (2022). Using phenotypic plasticity to understand the structure and evolution of the genotype–phenotype map.
Genetica ,
150 (3–4), 209–221.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-021-00135-5
Le Rouzic, A . (2022). Gene network robustness as a multivariate character.
Peer Community Journal ,
2 , e26.
https://doi.org/10.24072/pcjournal.125
Burban, E., Tenaillon, M. I., &
Le Rouzic, A . (2022). Gene network simulations provide testable predictions for the molecular domestication syndrome.
Genetics ,
220 (2), iyab214.
https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyab214
Devilliers, M., Garrido, D., Poidevin, M., Rubin, T.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Montagne, J. (2021). Differential metabolic sensitivity of insulin-like-response- and TORC1-dependent overgrowth in
Drosophila fat cells.
Genetics ,
217 (1), iyaa010.
https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaa010
David, O.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Dillmann, C. (2021). Optimization of sampling designs for pedigrees and association studies.
Biometrics .
https://doi.org/10/gkbgs2
Desbiez-Piat, A.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Tenaillon, M. I., & Dillmann, C. (2021). Interplay between extreme drift and selection intensities favors the fixation of beneficial mutations in selfing maize populations.
Genetics ,
219 (2).
https://doi.org/10/gm5w52
Le Rouzic, A ., Renneville, C., Millot, A., Agostini, S., Carmignac, D., & Édeline, É. (2020). Unidirectional response to bidirectional selection on body size II. Quantitative genetics.
Ecology and Evolution ,
10 (20), 11453–11466.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6783
Renneville, C., Millot, A., Agostini, S., Carmignac, D., Maugars, G., Dufour, S.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Edeline, E. (2020). Unidirectional response to bidirectional selection on body size. I. Phenotypic, life‐history, and endocrine responses.
Ecology and Evolution ,
10 (19), 10571–10592.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6713
Jallet, A. J.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Genissel, A. (2020). Evolution and Plasticity of the Transcriptome Under Temperature Fluctuations in the Fungal Plant Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici.
Frontiers in Microbiology ,
11 , 573829.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.573829
Debat, V., &
Le Rouzic, A . (2019). Canalization, a central concept in biology.
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology ,
88 , 1–3.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.05.012
Schneider, D. I., Ehrman, L., Engl, T., Kaltenpoth, M., Hua-Van, A.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Miller, W. J. (2019). Symbiont-Driven Male Mating Success in the Neotropical Drosophila paulistorum Superspecies.
Behavior Genetics ,
49 (1), 83–98.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-018-9937-8
Odorico, A., Rünneburger, E., &
Le Rouzic, A . (2018). Modelling the influence of parental effects on gene‐network evolution.
Journal of Evolutionary Biology ,
31 (5), 687–700.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13255
Guyeux, C., Couchot, J.-F.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Bahi, J., & Marangio, L. (2018). Theoretical Study of the One Self-Regulating Gene in the Modified Wagner Model.
Mathematics ,
6 (4), 58.
https://doi.org/10.3390/math6040058
Denis, B., Claisse, G.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Wicker-Thomas, C., Lepennetier, G., & Joly, D. (2017). Male accessory gland proteins affect differentially female sexual receptivity and remating in closely related Drosophila species.
Journal of Insect Physiology ,
99 , 67–77.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.03.008
Rünneburger, E., &
Le Rouzic, A . (2016). Why and how genetic canalization evolves in gene regulatory networks.
BMC Evolutionary Biology ,
16 (1), 239.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0801-2
Wallau, G. L., Capy, P., Loreto, E.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Hua-Van, A. (2016). VHICA, a New Method to Discriminate between Vertical and Horizontal Transposon Transfer: Application to the
Mariner Family within
Drosophila .
Molecular Biology and Evolution ,
33 (4), 1094–1109.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv341
Nepoux, V., Babin, A., Haag, C., Kawecki, T. J., &
Le Rouzic, A . (2015). Quantitative genetics of learning ability and resistance to stress in
Drosophila melanogaster .
Ecology and Evolution ,
5 (3), 543–556.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1379
Le Rouzic, A ., Hansen, T. F., Gosden, T. P., & Svensson, E. I. (2015). Evolutionary time-series analysis reveals the signature of frequency-dependent selection on a female mating polymorphism. The American Naturalist , 185 (6), E182–E196.
Álvarez-Castro, J. M., &
Le Rouzic, A . (2015). On the Partitioning of Genetic Variance with Epistasis. In J. H. Moore & S. M. Williams (Eds.),
Epistasis: Methods and Protocols (pp. 95–114). Springer.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2155-3_6
Le Rouzic, A . (2014). Estimating directional epistasis.
Frontiers in Genetics ,
5 .
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2014.00198
Rebaudo, F.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Dupas, S., Silvain, J.-F., Harry, M., & Dangles, O. (2013). SimAdapt: an individual-based genetic model for simulating landscape management impacts on populations.
Methods in Ecology and Evolution ,
4 (6), 595–600.
https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12041
Le Rouzic, A ., Payen, T., & Hua-Van, A. (2013). Reconstructing the Evolutionary History of Transposable Elements.
Genome Biology and Evolution ,
5 (1), 77–86.
https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs130
Startek, M.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Capy, P., Grzebelus, D., & Gambin, A. (2013). Genomic parasites or symbionts? Modeling the effects of environmental pressure on transposition activity in asexual populations.
Theoretical Population Biology ,
90 , 145–151.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2013.07.004
Le Rouzic, A ., Álvarez-Castro, J. M., & Hansen, T. F. (2013). The Evolution of Canalization and Evolvability in Stable and Fluctuating Environments.
Evolutionary Biology ,
40 (3), 317–340.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-012-9218-z
Egset, C. K., Hansen, T. F.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Bolstad, G. H., Rosenqvist, G., & Pélabon, C. (2012). Artificial selection on allometry: change in elevation but not slope: Artificial selection on allometry.
Journal of Evolutionary Biology ,
25 (5), 938–948.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02487.x
Boutin, T. S.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Capy, P. (2012). How does selfing affect the dynamics of selfish transposable elements?
Mobile DNA ,
3 (1), 5.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1759-8753-3-5
Le Rouzic, A ., Østbye, K., Klepaker, T. O., Hansen, T. F., Bernatchez, L., Schluter, D., & Vøllestad, L. A. (2011). Strong and consistent natural selection associated with armour reduction in sticklebacks: NATURAL SELECTION IN STICKLEBACKS.
Molecular Ecology ,
20 (12), 2483–2493.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05071.x
Le Rouzic, A ., Houle, D., & Hansen, T. F. (2011). A modelling framework for the analysis of artificial-selection time series.
Genetics Research ,
93 (2), 155–173.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016672311000024
Le Rouzic, A ., Skaug, H. J., & Hansen, T. F. (2010). Estimating genetic architectures from artificial-selection responses: A random-effect framework.
Theoretical Population Biology ,
77 (2), 119–130.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2009.12.003
Pavlicev, M.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Cheverud, J. M., Wagner, G. P., & Hansen, T. F. (2010). Directionality of Epistasis in a Murine Intercross Population.
Genetics ,
185 (4), 1489–1505.
https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.110.118356
Besnier, F.,
Le Rouzic, A ., & Álvarez-Castro, J. M. (2010). Applying QTL analysis to conservation genetics.
Conservation Genetics ,
11 (2), 399–408.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-0036-5
Le Rouzic, A ., & Capy, P. (2009). Theoretical Approaches to the Dynamics of Transposable Elements in Genomes, Populations,and Species. In D.-H. Lankenau & J.-N. Volff (Eds.),
Transposons and the Dynamic Genome (pp. 1–19). Springer.
https://doi.org/10.1007/7050_017
Édeline, E.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Winfield, I. J., Fletcher, J. M., James, J. B., Stenseth, N. Chr., & Vøllestad, L. A. (2009). Harvest-induced disruptive selection increases variance in fitness-related traits.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences ,
276 (1676), 4163–4171.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1106
Le Rouzic, A ., & Álvarez-Castro, J. M. (2008). Estimation of Genetic Effects and Genotype-Phenotype Maps.
Evolutionary Bioinformatics ,
4 , EBO.S756.
https://doi.org/10.4137/EBO.S756
Le Rouzic, A ., Álvarez-Castro, J. M., & Carlborg, Ö. (2008). Dissection of the Genetic Architecture of Body Weight in Chicken Reveals the Impact of Epistasis on Domestication Traits.
Genetics ,
179 (3), 1591–1599.
https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.108.089300
Le Rouzic, A ., Dupas, S., & Capy, P. (2007). Genome ecosystem and transposable elements species.
Gene ,
390 (1), 214–220.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2006.09.023
Le Rouzic, A ., Boutin, T. S., & Capy, P. (2007). Long-term evolution of transposable elements.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ,
104 (49), 19375–19380.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0705238104
Le Rouzic, A ., Siegel, P. B., & Carlborg, Ö. (2007). Phenotypic evolution from genetic polymorphisms in a radial network architecture.
BMC Biology ,
5 (1), 50.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-5-50
Le Rouzic, A ., & Capy, P. (2006). Reversible introduction of transgenes in natural populations of insects.
Insect Molecular Biology ,
15 (2), 227–234.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00631.x
Le Rouzic, A ., & Capy, P. (2006). Population Genetics Models of Competition Between Transposable Element Subfamilies.
Genetics ,
174 (2), 785–793.
https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.105.052241
Le Rouzic, A ., & Deceliere, G. (2005). Models of the population genetics of transposable elements.
Genetics Research ,
85 (3), 171–181.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016672305007585
Le Rouzic, A ., & Capy, P. (2005). The First Steps of Transposable Elements Invasion.
Genetics ,
169 (2), 1033–1043.
https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.031211
Hua-Van, A.,
Le Rouzic, A ., Maisonhaute, C., & Capy, P. (2005). Abundance, distribution and dynamics of retrotransposable elements and transposons: similarities and differences.
Cytogenetic and Genome Research ,
110 (1–4), 426–440.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000084975