{"id":794,"date":"2014-02-14T16:50:01","date_gmt":"2014-02-14T15:50:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=794"},"modified":"2014-02-14T16:50:01","modified_gmt":"2014-02-14T15:50:01","slug":"remy-pasquet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=794","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9my, Pasquet"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"pasquet\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Charg\u00e9 de recherches<\/p>\n

Fax 33 1 69 82 37 36
\nM\u00e8l. Remy.Pasquet@universite-paris-saclay.fr
\nTh\u00e8mes de Recherche<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e9matique ancienne de 1998 \u00e0 2009 : Bios\u00e9curit\u00e9 du ni\u00e9b\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement modifi\u00e9
\nLe projet sur la transformation g\u00e9n\u00e9tique du ni\u00e9b\u00e9 (le haricot africain, Vigna unguiculata) a \u00e9t\u00e9 sans doute l\u2019un des plus gros effort effectu\u00e9 en am\u00e9lioration des plantes vivri\u00e8res en Afrique. L’ensemble du projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 coordonn\u00e9 par le r\u00e9seau NGICA (Network for Genetic Improvement of Cowpea in Africa) bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Purdue University (USA) et la fondation AATF (African Agricultural Technology Foundation) bas\u00e9e \u00e0 Nairobi. Des conf\u00e9rences (Dakar en 2001, Capri en 2002, Nairobi en 2003, Accra en 2004, Ouagadougou en 2005) et des r\u00e9unions de travail (Mombasa en 2002, Niamey en 2004) r\u00e9unissant les diff\u00e9rents partenaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement organis\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Ce projet comportait trois composantes.\u2028La principale \u00e9tait la transformation g\u00e9n\u00e9tique proprement dite. Apr\u00e8s de nombreuses tentatives infructueuses par diff\u00e9rents laboratoires dont l’IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture), c’\u00e9tait le CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization), \u00e0 Canberra (Australie), qui avait enfin r\u00e9ussi une premi\u00e8re transformation g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et qui avait introduit en ce moment un g\u00e8ne Bt (Cry1Ab) chez le ni\u00e9b\u00e9. Dans la mesure o\u00f9 ce g\u00e8ne pouvait induire des r\u00e9sistances au Bt dans les populations de l\u00e9pidopt\u00e8res cibles de ce g\u00e8ne Bt, un volet sur la gestion de ces r\u00e9sistances potentielles a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par Purdue University. Enfin, comme ces ni\u00e9b\u00e9s modifi\u00e9s allaient \u00eatre diffus\u00e9s en Afrique o\u00f9 le ni\u00e9b\u00e9 forme avec ses formes sauvages apparent\u00e9es un complexe cultiv\u00e9-adventice, un volet sur le risque \u00e9cologique a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par l’ICIPE (International Center for Insect Physiology and Ecology) en collaboration avec l’IRD.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9tude du contexte \u00e9cologique et des relations entre formes sauvages et cultiv\u00e9es s’imposait d\u00e8s lors que les flux de pollen entre formes sauvages et cultiv\u00e9es (dans les deux sens) allaient vraisemblablement permettre au g\u00e8ne Bt de s’implanter dans les populations sauvages. De ce fait il \u00e9tait probable que les plantes sauvages ayant \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb le g\u00e8ne Bt allaient mieux se d\u00e9fendre contre les insectes et produire plus de graines. Il y avait alors un risque de voir ce qui n’\u00e9tait qu’une plante pas tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue devenir une mauvaise herbe envahissante. Ce travail s’articulait autour de trois points essentiels:<\/p>\n

– Les flux de pollens et donc la biologie florale (timing de lib\u00e9ration du pollen, long\u00e9vit\u00e9 du pollen, comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 relative des diff\u00e9rents pollens), le comportement des pollinisateurs et l’efficacit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces, l’importance des flux en populations naturelles et artificielles en fonction de diff\u00e9rents facteurs (saison et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologie, couleur des fleurs, timing de l’ouverture des fleurs, densit\u00e9 relative des populations sauvages et cultiv\u00e9es…) ;<\/p>\n

– La pr\u00e9dation avant dispersion des graines (due essentiellement aux insectes, dont certains seront affect\u00e9s par le g\u00e8ne Bt) et la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 relative des hybrides sauvage-cultiv\u00e9, des plantes sauvages, et de leurs descendances ;<\/p>\n

– La pr\u00e9dation apr\u00e8s dispersion des graines (due aussi \u00e0 certains insectes mais surtout aux oiseaux et aux rongeurs).<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9matique actuelle
\nG\u00e9n\u00e9tique des populations de foreurs du ma\u00efs au Kenya, en particulier sur les changements de structure des populations qui ne manqueront pas de se produire apr\u00e8s l’introduction du ma\u00efs Bt dans ce pays.<\/p>\n

PUBLICATIONS<\/strong>
\nChapitres d\u2019ouvrages
\nPasquet, R.S., Fotso, M., 1991 – Les l\u00e9gumineuses alimentaires du Cameroun, premiers r\u00e9sultats. In Boutrais, J., ed, Du politique \u00e0 l’\u00e9conomique, \u00e9tudes historiques dans le bassin du lac Tchad: 317-360. ORSTOM, Paris.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1992 – Les cultivars de ni\u00e9b\u00e9 (Vigna unguiculata) du Cameroun. In: Complexes d’esp\u00e8ces, flux de g\u00e8nes et ressources g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques des plantes: 629-630. BRG, Paris.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Fotso, M., 1997 – The ORSTOM bambara groundnut collection. In Heller, J., Begemann, F., Mushonga, J., eds, Bambara groundnut Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.: 119-123. IPGRI, Rome.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Baudoin, J.P., 1998 – Le ni\u00e9b\u00e9. In Charrier, A., Jacquot, M., Hamon, S., Nicolas D., ed., Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des plantes tropicales: 483-505. CIRAD-ORSTOM, Paris.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Fotso, M., 1998 – Le ni\u00e9b\u00e9 face aux haricots am\u00e9ricains (Cameroun). In Chastanet, M., ed, Plantes et paysages d’Afrique. Une histoire \u00e0 explorer : 231-249. Karthala, Paris.<\/p>\n

Garba, M., Pasquet, R.S., 1998 – Vigna vexillata (L.) A.Rich. gene pool. In Soerensen, M., Estrella, E., Hamann, O., Rios, R., eds. Proceedings of second international symposium on tuberous legumes: 61-71. MacKenzie, Copenhagen.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Fotso, M., 2000 – Une l\u00e9gumineuse alimentaire, le ni\u00e9b\u00e9. In Seignobos, C., Iy\u00e9bi-Mandjek, O., eds., Atlas de la province Extr\u00eame-Nord Cameroun: 88-90. IRD, Paris.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Baudoin, J.P., 2001 – Cowpea. In Charrier, A., Jacquot, M., Hamon, S., Nicolas D., eds., Tropical plant breeding: 177-198. Science publishers, Enfield, USA – CIRAD, Montpellier, France.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R., 2001 – Vigna Savi. In Mackinder, B., Pasquet, R., Polhill, R., Verdcourt, B., eds, Flora Zambesiaca, volume 3, part 5, Phaseoleae: 121-156. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 2004 – The African centers of domestication. In Goodman, R., ed., Encyclopedia of Plant and Crop Science: 304-306. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.<\/p>\n

Van der Maesen, L.J.G., Pasquet, R., 2006 – Vigna Savi. In Akoegninou, A., Van der Burg, W.J., Van der Maesen, L.J.G., eds, Flore Analytique du Benin: 734-747. Backhuis Publishers, Wageningen.<\/p>\n

Articles dans des revues \u00e0 comit\u00e9 de lecture
\nTreche, S., Tobias, J.F., Noubi, L., Pasquet, R., Fotso, M., 1986 – Conservation, pr\u00e9parations culinaires et acceptabilit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rents organes du haricot ail\u00e9 (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). Rev. Sci. Techn. Yaounde Ser. Sci. Sant\u00e9 3-1\/2: 37-60.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R., Mar\u00e9chal, R., 1989 – La Vigna benuensis, une nouvelle esp\u00e8ce de la section Vigna du genre Vigna (Fabaceae). Can. J. Bot. 67: 949-953.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1993 – Classification infrasp\u00e9cifique des formes spontan\u00e9es de Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. \u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es morphologiques. Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 62-1\/4: 127-173.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1993 – Two new subspecies of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. (Leguminosae : Papilionoideae). Kew Bull. 48-4: 805-806.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1993 – Variation at isozyme loci in wild Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. (Fabaceae, Phaseoleae). Plant. Syst. Evol. 186-3\/4: 157-173.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Fotso, M., 1994 – R\u00e9partition des cultivars de ni\u00e9b\u00e9 (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) du Cameroun : influence du milieu et des facteurs humains. J. Agr. Trad. Bot. Appl. 36-2: 93-143.<\/p>\n

Fotso, M., Azanza, J.L., Pasquet, R., Raymond, J., 1994 – Molecular heterogeneity of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Fabaceae) seed storage proteins. Plant Syst. Evol. 191-1\/2: 39-56.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Verdcourt, B., 1996 – The identity of Dolichos ufiomensis Heering (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Phaseoleae). Kew Bull. 51-2: 332.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1996 – Wild cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) evolution. In Pickersgill, B., Lock, J.M., eds, Advances in Legume Systematics 8: Legumes of economic importance: 95-100. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1996 – Cultivated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) evolution. In Pickersgill, B., Lock, J.M., eds, Advances in Legume Systematics 8: Legumes of economic importance: 101-108. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1997 – A new subspecies of Vigna unguiculata (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). Kew Bull. 52-4: 840.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1998 – Morphological study of cultivated cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Importance of ovule number and definition of cv gr Melanophthalmus. Agronomie 18-1: 61-70.<\/p>\n

Garba, M., Pasquet, R.S., 1998 – Isozyme polymorphism within section Reticulatae of genus Vigna (Tribe Phaseoleae: Fabaceae). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 26-3: 297-308.<\/p>\n

Garba, M., Pasquet, R.S., 1998 – Isozyme diversity in Vigna vexillata (L.) A Rich (Fabaceae) complex. S. Afr. J. Bot. 64-3: 163-175.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Vanderborght, T., 1999 – Isozyme polymorphism in some yellow- and blue-flowered Vigna species complexes (Fabaceae – Phaseoleae). Plant Syst. Evol. 215-1\/4: 1-20.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 1999 – Genetic relationships among subspecies of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. based on allozyme variation. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98-6\/7: 1104-1119.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Schwedes, S., Gepts, P., 1999 – Isozyme diversity in Bambara groundnut. Crop Sci. 39-4: 1228-1236.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Vanderborght, T., 2000 – Isozyme polymorphism in the Vigna frutescens – V. membranacea complex (Tribe Phaseoleae, Fabaceae). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 28-1: 29-43.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 2000 – Allozyme diversity of cultivated cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101-1\/2: 211-219.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 2001 – Notes on the genus Vigna (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). Kew Bull. 56: 223-227.<\/p>\n

Coulibaly, S., Pasquet, R.S., Papa, R., Gepts, P., 2002 – AFLP analysis of the phenetic organization and genetic diversity of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. reveals extensive gene flow between wild and domesticated types. Theor. Appl. Genet. 104-2\/3: 358-366.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Mergeai, G., Baudoin, J.P., 2002 – Genetic diversity of the African geocarpic legume Kersting’s groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Mar\u00e9chal & Baudet]. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 30-10: 943-952.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 2002 – Proposal to conserve Vigna nom. cons. (Leguminosae) against an additional name, Cadelium. Taxon 51-4: 819.<\/p>\n

Ba, F.S., Pasquet, R.S., Gepts, P., 2004 – Genetic diversity in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] as revealed by RAPD markers. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 51-5: 539-550.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 2004 – New synonyms of Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae-Phaseoleae). Kew Bull. 59-4: 637-638.<\/p>\n

Thulin, M., Lavin, M., Pasquet, R., Delgado-Salinas, A., 2004 – Phylogeny and biogeography of Wajira (Leguminosae): a monophyletic segregate of Vigna centered in the Horn of Africa region. Syst. Bot. 29-4: 903-920.<\/p>\n

Feleke, Y., Pasquet, R.S., Gepts, P., 2006 – Development of PCR-based chloroplast DNA markers that characterize domesticated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata var. unguiculata) and highlight its crop-weed complex. Plant Syst. Evol. 262-1\/2: 75-87.<\/p>\n

Basu, S., Mayes, S., Davey, M., Roberts, J.A., Azam-Ali, S.N., Mithen, R., Pasquet, R.S., 2007 – Inheritance of ‘domestication’ traits in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). Euphytica 157-1\/2: 59-68.<\/p>\n

Kouadio, D., Toussaint, A., Pasquet, R.S., Baudoin, J.P., 2006 – Barri\u00e8res pr\u00e9-zygotiques chez les hybrides entre formes sauvages du ni\u00e9b\u00e9, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 10-1: 33-41.<\/p>\n

Kouadio, D., Echikh, N., Toussaint, A., Pasquet, R.S., Baudoin, J.P., 2007 – Organisation du pool g\u00e9nique de Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.: croisements entre les formes sauvages et cultiv\u00e9es du ni\u00e9b\u00e9. Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 11-1: 47-57.<\/p>\n

Kouakou, C.K., Roy-Macauley, H., Gueye, M.C., Otto, M.C., Rami, J.F., Cisse, N., Pasquet, R.S., 2007 – Diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s traditionnelles de ni\u00e9b\u00e9 [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal: \u00e9tude pr\u00e9liminaire. Plant Genet. Resour. Newslett. 152: 33-44.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., 2007 – Vigna verdcourtii (Papilionoideae), a new species from eastern Africa. Bothalia 37-1: 51-54.<\/p>\n

Pasquet, R.S., Peltier, A., Hufford, M.B., Oudin, E., Saulnier, J., Paul, L., Knudsen, J.T., Herren, H.H., Gepts, P. – 2008 – Long-distance pollen flow assessment through evaluation of pollinator foraging range suggests transgene escape distances. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105-36: 13456-13461.<\/p>\n

DELGADO-SALINAS A., THULIN M. , PASQUET R., WEEDEN N., LAVIN M. 2011 Vigna (Leguminosae) sensu lato : the names and identities of the American segregate genera. American Journal of Botany 10(98): 1694-1715<\/p>\n

ANDARGIE , PASQUET R. , GOWDA B. S., MULUVI G. M., TIMKO M. P. 2011 Construction of a SSR-based genetic map and identification of QTL for domestication traits using recombinant inbred lines from a cross between wild and cultivated cowpea (V. unguiculata (L.) Walp.). Molecular Breeding 3(28): 413-420<\/p>\n

MAHE F., MARKOVA D., PASQUET R., MISSET M. T., AINOUCHE A. 2011 Isolation, phylogeny and evolution of the SymRK gene in the legume genus Lupinus L. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 1(60): 49-61<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Charg\u00e9 de recherches Fax 33 1 69 82 37 36 M\u00e8l. Remy.Pasquet@universite-paris-saclay.fr Th\u00e8mes de Recherche Th\u00e9matique ancienne de 1998 \u00e0 2009 : Bios\u00e9curit\u00e9 du ni\u00e9b\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement modifi\u00e9 Le projet sur la transformation g\u00e9n\u00e9tique du ni\u00e9b\u00e9 (le haricot africain, Vigna unguiculata) a \u00e9t\u00e9 sans doute l\u2019un des plus gros effort effectu\u00e9 en am\u00e9lioration des plantes vivri\u00e8res […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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