{"id":746,"date":"2025-11-18T16:23:46","date_gmt":"2025-11-18T15:23:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=746"},"modified":"2025-11-18T16:23:47","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T15:23:47","slug":"aurelie-hua-van","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=746","title":{"rendered":"Aur\u00e9lie Hua-Van"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>
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Professeur Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Equipe <\/a>Evolution et G\u00e9nomes <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e9l\u00e9phone<\/strong> +33 1 69 15 49 87

email<\/strong> Aurelie.Hua-Van@universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enseignement<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

G\u00e9n\u00e9tique
Evolution
Origine du vivant
Diversit\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e8mes de Recherche<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Diversit\u00e9 et \u00e9volution des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables
Dynamique \u00e9volutive des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables
Evolution des syst\u00e8mes de r\u00e9gulation des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables (l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment mariner<\/em> de drosophile)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diversit\u00e9 des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables sont r\u00e9partis en deux grandes classes, la classe I correspondant aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables \u00e0 interm\u00e9diaire ARN, transposant par un m\u00e9canisme copier-coller, et les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de classe II ou transposons ADN, transposant sans interm\u00e9diaire ARN par un m\u00e9canisme dit couper-coller.
Plusieurs sous-classes et sous-familles peuvent ensuite \u00eatre distingu\u00e9es selon les caract\u00e9ristiques structurales (pr\u00e9sence de LTR, ordre des g\u00e8nes) et phylog\u00e9n\u00e9tiques (motifs prot\u00e9iques).
La d\u00e9couverte de nouvelles familles d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables a rendu n\u00e9cessaire la mise a jour du syst\u00e8me de classification. La classification propos\u00e9 en 2007 avec des collaborateurs du domaine v\u00e9g\u00e9tal et de l’annotation des g\u00e9nomes reprend celle couramment admise et utilis\u00e9e (2 classes). Un nouveau crit\u00e8re est utilis\u00e9: le nombre de brin d’ADN coup\u00e9 au site donneur lors de la transposition. Il d\u00e9finit les sous-classes. Un niveau interm\u00e9di\u00e8re (l’ordre) est ajout\u00e9, qui refl\u00e8te les caract\u00e9ristiques structurales des \u00e9l\u00e9ments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Classification des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables eucaryotes. (Wicker et al. 2007)\"iconePdf\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Structure des transposases de la superfamille Mutator<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les familles d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables autonomes codent la ou les prot\u00e9ines n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 leur transposition. Il s’agit soit d’une int\u00e9grase (\u00e9l\u00e9ments de classe I) ou une transposase (\u00e9l\u00e9ments de classe II). Dans la majorit\u00e9 des familles, ces prot\u00e9ines appartiennent \u00e0 une superfamille prot\u00e9ique (Ribonuclease H-like), et sont caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par un motif de type DDE, impliqu\u00e9 dans l’activit\u00e9 catalytique. C’est le cas des int\u00e9grases des r\u00e9tro\u00e9l\u00e9ments, des Polintons, de nombreuses familles d’IS bact\u00e9riens, des transposons des superfamilles Tc1-mariner<\/em>, hAT<\/em>, transib<\/em>.
Les int\u00e9grases des \u00e9l\u00e9ments Mutator de bact\u00e9ries poss\u00e8dent un motif catalytique de type DDE. Chez les Mutator eucaryotes la conservation de ce motif est moindre mais son existence est fortement sugg\u00e9r\u00e9e par les analyses de s\u00e9quences effectu\u00e9es sur un grand nombre de transposases. La comparaison de la s\u00e9quence primaire, mais aussi des structures secondaire ou tertiaire obtenues par pr\u00e9diction, permettent de pr\u00e9ciser les contours de ce motif catalytique, et montrent que la combinaison de plusieurs niveaux d’analyse est n\u00e9cessaire dans le cas des prot\u00e9ines tr\u00e8s divergentes (Hua-Van and Capy, 2008) .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9tection de novo des MITEs (Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements) dans les g\u00e9nomes s\u00e9quenc\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les MITEs sont des \u00e9l\u00e9ments non-autonomes qui utilisent la transposase de copies autonomes apparent\u00e9es pour se multiplier. Cette strat\u00e9gie parasitique est fructueuse et conduit souvent \u00e0 retrouver les MITEs en tr\u00e8s grand nombre de copies dans les g\u00e9nomes. Toutefois, les MITEs r\u00e9cemment form\u00e9s et non encore amplifi\u00e9s sont difficile \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter, du fait de leur petite taille et de l’absence de cadre ouvert de lecture. La d\u00e9tection de novo de ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments dans les g\u00e9nomes repose donc principalement sur leur caract\u00e9ristique structurale, c’est-\u00e0-dire la pr\u00e9sence de r\u00e9p\u00e9titions terminales invers\u00e9es \u00e0 leurs extremit\u00e9s (les ITRs), et le fait qu’il sont pr\u00e9sents en au moins deux copies. Pour \u00eatre efficaces, les outils de d\u00e9tections doivent donc comporter des filtres puissants qui \u00e9liminent les nombreux faux-positifs g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s du fait du faible nombre de crit\u00e8res \u00e0 disposition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e9l\u00e9charger AutomitAur.v1.0.1<\/a>
Plus d’infos ReadMe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dynamique des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables mariner<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La famille mariner regroupe des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de classe II (transposons \u00e0 ADN) tr\u00e8s homog\u00e8nes du point de vue de leur structure. Ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments appartiennent \u00e0 la superfamille Tc1-mariner, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une taille modeste et une structure simple (deux ITRs et une ORF), un site d’insertion sp\u00e9cifique TA, et une transposase \u00e0 motif catalytique DDE.
Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments mariner sont pr\u00e9sents chez de nombreux m\u00e9tazoaires, et notamment chez les Drosophiles (le premier \u00e9l\u00e9ment mariner a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert dans le g\u00e9nome de Drosophila mauritiana)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evolution et distribution des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables mariner<\/em> chez les Drosophiles<\/strong>
La disponibilit\u00e9 des g\u00e9nomes de 20 esp\u00e8ces de drosophiles offre l’opportunit\u00e9 de r\u00e9aliser des \u00e9tudes comparatives entre g\u00e9nomes plus ou moins proches.\"iconePdf\"<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dynamique de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment transposable mariner dans Drosophila melanogaster<\/em><\/strong>
L’activit\u00e9 somatique de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment mariner (type Mos1<\/em>) peut etre estim\u00e9e chez les drosophiles (D. melanogaster<\/em>, D. mauritiana<\/em> et D. simulans<\/em>) par un test ph\u00e9notypique d’excision de la copie peach. Cette copie est ins\u00e9r\u00e9e dans le g\u00e8ne white, provoquant le ph\u00e9notype [peach] (yeux couleur p\u00eache). L’excision de peach restaure l’activit\u00e9 du g\u00e8ne white, ce qui se traduit par l’apparition de points ou taches rouges sur fond p\u00eache. Les mouches ont des yeux mosa\u00efques. Ce test permet d’\u00e9valuer l’influence de diff\u00e9rents facteurs (environementaux ou g\u00e9nomique) sur le niveau d’activit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"081022_L16_taches1\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Photo: mouche aux yeux mosa\u00efques<\/strong>
Ce test offre aussi un moyen ph\u00e9notypique simple de suivre l’invasion par mariner des g\u00e9nomes et des populations. Des populations exp\u00e9rimentales dans lesquelles est introduite une mouche contenant des \u00e9l\u00e9ments mariner en petit nombre de copies sont suivies sur plusieurs g\u00e9n\u00e9rations. Le nombre de copies est estim\u00e9 par PCR quantitative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

LIENS EXTERNES<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Researcher ID: N-3495-2013<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ORCID number: \/0000-0001-7859-2788<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Google Scholar Citation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

PUBLICATIONS<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Saint-Leandre, B., I. Clavereau, A. Hua-Van & P. Capy. 2017. Transcriptional polymorphism of piRNA regulatory genes underlies the mariner activity in Drosophila simulans<\/i> testes. Molecular Ecology,<\/i> 26,<\/b> 3715-3731. 10.1111\/mec.14145.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BOUALLEGUE M, ROUAULT JD, HUA-VAN A, MAKNI M and CAPY P. 2017. Molecular evolution of piggyBac superfamily: from selfishness to domestication. Genome Biol Evol<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ROBILLARD E, LE ROUZIC A, ZHANG Z. CAPY P and HUA-VAN A. 2016. Experimental evolution reveals hyperparasitic interactions among transposable elements. PNAS<\/em>. doi\/10.1073\/pnas.1524143113<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WALLAU G.L., CAPY P., LORETO E., LE ROUZIC A., HUA-VAN A. 2016. VHICA, a new method to discriminate between vertical and horizontal transposon transfer: application to the mariner family within Drosophila. Molecular Biology and Evolution<\/em> 33(4) 1094-1109.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FILEE J, ROUAULT JD, HARRY M and HUA-VAN A. 2015. Mariner<\/em> transposons are sailing in the genome of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixius<\/em>. BMC Genomics<\/em> 16:1061.DOI 10.1186\/s12864-015-2060-9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GASMI L, BOULAIN H, GAUTHIER J, HUA-VAN A, MUSSET K, JAKUBOWSKA AK, AURY JM, VOLKOFF AN, HUGUET E, HERRERO S and DREZEN JM. 2015. Recurrent Domestication by Lepidoptera of Genes from Their Parasites Mediated by Bracoviruses. PLoS Genet<\/em> 11:e1005470.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HOEN DR, HICKEY G, BOURQUE G, CASACUBERTA J, CORDAUX R, FESCHOTTE C, FISTON-LAVIER AS, HUA-VAN A, HUBLEY R, KAPUSTA A, et al. 2015. A call for benchmarking transposable element annotation methods. Mob DNA<\/em> 6:13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WALLAU GL, CAPY P, LORETO E, HUA-VAN A. 2014. Genomic landscape and evolutionary dynamics of mariner transposable elements within the Drosophila genus. BMC Genomics<\/i> 15:727.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"iconePdf\"<\/a> DA LAGE J.-L., BINDER M., HUA VAN A., JANECEK S., CASANE D. (2013)Gene make-up: rapid and massive intron gains after horizontal transfer of a bacterial alpha-amylase gene to Basidiomycetes. BMC Evol. Biol. <\/em> 13: 40<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAMOUN C, PAYEN T., HUA-VAN A., FILEE J. 2013 Improving prokaryotic transposable elements identification using a combination of de novo and profile HMM methods. BMC Genomics<\/i> 11;14:700<\/p>\n\n\n\n

LE ROUZIC A. , PAYEN T. , HUA-VAN A. 2013 Reconstructing the evolutionary history of transposable elements. Genome, Biology and Evolution<\/em> 5(1): 77-86<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FORT PHILIPPE, ALBERTINI A., HUA-VAN A., BERTHOMIEU A., ROCHE S., DELSUC F., PASTEUR N., CAPY P., GAUDIN Y., WEILL M. 2012 Fossil thabdoviral sequences integrated into arthropod genomes: ontogeny, evolution, and potential functionality. Molecular Biology and Evolution<\/em> 29(1): 381-390<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DUFRESNE M., LESPINET O., DABOUSSI M.J., HUA-VAN A. 2011 Genome-Wide Comparative Analysis of pogo-Like Transposable Elements in Different Fusarium Species. J Mol Evol<\/em> 73(3): 230-243 url<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HUA-VAN A., LE ROUZIC A., BOUTIN T.S., FILEE J., CAPY P. 2011 The struggle for life of the genome’s selfish architects. Biology Direct<\/em> 6: 19 pdf url<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WALLAU G.L. , HUA-VAN A. , CAPY P., LORETO E.L. 2011 The evolutionary history of mariner-like elements in Neotropical drosophilids Genetica<\/em> 139(3): 327<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MA L.J., VAN DER DOES H.C., BORKOVITCH K.A., COLEMAN J.J. and DABOUSSI M.-J., ET AL. 2010 Comparative genomic reveals mobile pathogenicity chromosomes in Fusarium Nature<\/em> 464(7287): 367<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HUA-VAN A. and CAPY P. 2008 Analysis of the DDE motif in the Mutator<\/em> superfamily J Mol Evol<\/em> 67(6): 670<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PICOT S., WALLAU GL., LORETO ELS., HEREDIA FO., HUA-VAN A. and CAPY P. 2008 The mariner<\/em> transposable element in natural populations of Drosophila simulans.<\/em> Heredity<\/em> 101: 53<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MAISONHAUTE C., HUA-VAN A., OGEREAU D and CAPY P. 2007 Amplification of the 1731 LTR retrotransposon in Drosophila melanogaster<\/em> cells : origin of neocopies and impact on the genome. Gene<\/em> 393: 116<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DUFRESNE M., HUA-VAN A., ABD EL WAHAB H., M’BAREK S.B., VASNIER C., TEYSSET L., KEMA G.H. and DABOUSSI M.J. 2007 Transposition of a fungal miniature inverted-repeat transposable element through the action of a Tc1<\/em>-like transposase. Genetics<\/em> 175: 441<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"iconePdf\"<\/a>WICKER T., SABOT F., HUA-VAN A., BENNETZEN J.L., CAPY P., CHALHOUB B., FLAVELL A., LEROY P., MORGANTE M., PANAUD O., PAUX E., SANMIGUEL P. and SCHULMAN A.H. 2007 A unified classification system for eukaryotic transposable elements. Nat Rev Genet<\/em> 8: 973<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HUA-VAN A., LE ROUZIC A., MAISONHAUTE C. and CAPY P. 2005 Abundance, distribution and dynamics of retrotransposable elements and transposons: similarities and differences. Cytogenetics and Genome Research<\/em> 110: 426 pdf url<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Professeur Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay Equipe Evolution et G\u00e9nomes T\u00e9l\u00e9phone +33 1 69 15 49 87 email Aurelie.Hua-Van@universite-paris-saclay.fr Enseignement G\u00e9n\u00e9tiqueEvolutionOrigine du vivantDiversit\u00e9 Th\u00e8mes de Recherche Diversit\u00e9 et \u00e9volution des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposablesDynamique \u00e9volutive des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposablesEvolution des syst\u00e8mes de r\u00e9gulation des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables (l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment mariner de drosophile) Diversit\u00e9 des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables sont r\u00e9partis en deux […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"disabled","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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