{"id":722,"date":"2014-02-14T15:16:19","date_gmt":"2014-02-14T14:16:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=722"},"modified":"2014-02-14T15:16:19","modified_gmt":"2014-02-14T14:16:19","slug":"stephane-dupas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=722&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"St\u00e9phane, Dupas"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"dupas\"<\/a>
\nSt\u00e9phane, Dupas<\/p>\n

Tel: 01 69 15 49 78<\/p>\n

Charg\u00e9 de recherches
\nMembre de : DEEIT<\/p>\n

Fax 33 1 69 82 37 36
\nM\u00e8l. Stephane.Dupas@universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/p>\n

Trajectoires \u00e9cologiques et \u00e9volutives et r\u00e9ponse des esp\u00e8ces aux changements globaux<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le but de mes recherches est de faire des pr\u00e9dictions sur le devenir de syst\u00e8mes populationnels \u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et socio-environnementales. Je travaille principalement sur des syst\u00e8mes impliquant les insectes<\/p>\n

Trajectoires co\u00e9volutives sur le long terme<\/b>
\nLes syst\u00e8mes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et phylog\u00e9n\u00e9tiques \u00e9tudi\u00e9s au laboratoire peuvent permettent de mieux comprendre et pr\u00e9dire les trajectoires co-\u00e9volutives des esp\u00e8ces et communaut\u00e9s. Les travaux r\u00e9alis\u00e9s sur les syst\u00e8mes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques d\u2019interaction h\u00f4te parasito\u00efde (entre drosophiles et parasito\u00efdes hym\u00e9nopt\u00e8res Figitidae du genre Leptopilina<\/i>) et leur co\u00e9volution exp\u00e9rimentale expliquent les patrons g\u00e9ographiques d\u2019interaction observ\u00e9s en Afrique. Ces syst\u00e8mes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques d\u00e9terminent aussi sur le long terme les trajectoires co\u00e9volutives certains asp\u00e9cifiques pr\u00e9sentent une forte inertie phylog\u00e9n\u00e9tique, d\u2019autres plus sp\u00e9cifiques entra\u00eenent des processus de courses aux armements. Des mod\u00e8les r\u00e9sistance \u2013 virulence similaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s dans le cas de du parasito\u00efde Cotesia sesamiae<\/i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) agent de lutte biologique contre les foreurs de tige de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales cultiv\u00e9es en Afrique subsaharienne (Lepidoptera). Des patrons g\u00e9ographiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019aide de d\u2019exp\u00e9riences d\u2019infestation au Kenya et \u00e0 l’aide de marqueurs mol\u00e9culaires, neutres (microsatellites), et li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019adaptation \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4te. Les marqueurs li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019adaptation sont les g\u00e8nes du Polydnavirus symbionte int\u00e9gr\u00e9 dans les chromosomes de la gu\u00eape, inject\u00e9es dans l\u2019h\u00f4te l\u00e9pidopt\u00e8re lors de la ponte, exprim\u00e9s dans les cellules de ce dernier et responsable de sa suppression immunitaire et de la r\u00e9gulation de sont d\u00e9veloppement au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice du parasito\u00efde. Le projet ABC Papogen vise \u00e0 \u00e9tudier les\u00a0 m\u00e9canismes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques des ces adaptations \u00e0 travers des \u00e9tudes de g\u00e9n\u00e9tique classique et haut d\u00e9bit, soit sur le long terme entre populations adapt\u00e9es localement, soit sur le court terme dans le cadre d’op\u00e9ration de lutte biologique ou de la pr\u00e9paration des souches l\u00e2ch\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9mo-g\u00e9n\u00e9tique environnementale et r\u00e9ponse de la biodiversit\u00e9 en r\u00e9ponse aux changements globaux
\n<\/b><\/p>\n

Les donn\u00e9es de g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des populations informent sur la dynamique spatiale, environnementale et \u00e9cologique des esp\u00e8ces. La formalisation et l’inf\u00e9rence de ces mod\u00e8les \u00e0 partir de ces donn\u00e9es environnementales, g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et sociales peut permettre d’\u00e9tablir des sc\u00e9narios plus int\u00e9gratifs pour pr\u00e9dire la r\u00e9ponse de la biodiversit\u00e9 aux changements globaux. Mais les mod\u00e8les existants de g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des populations supposent des populations id\u00e9ales souvent homog\u00e8nes ou peu nombreuses et ne rendent pas compte de mani\u00e8re formalis\u00e9e les relations \u00e0 l’environnement h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne ou aux r\u00e9seaux de connectivit\u00e9s qui les tissent. Mon projet est d’inf\u00e9rer ce type de mod\u00e8les dans un cadre bay\u00e9sien, dans celui de la th\u00e9orie des graphes et de la th\u00e9orie de la coalescence en utilisant des fonctions reliant des donn\u00e9es environnementales et les structures des r\u00e9seaux sociaux \u00e0 la dynamique des g\u00e8nes. Nous travaillons sur des donn\u00e9es de types spatio-temporelles dans le cadre d’op\u00e9rations de lutte biologique ou l’on ajuste des processus de dynamique markoviennes, et sur des donn\u00e9es spatiales et environnementales d’insectes au Kenya et en Am\u00e9rique du Sud ou l’on ajuste des mod\u00e8les de coalescences ou de th\u00e9orie des graphes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

St\u00e9phane, Dupas Tel: 01 69 15 49 78 Charg\u00e9 de recherches Membre de : DEEIT Fax 33 1 69 82 37 36 M\u00e8l. Stephane.Dupas@universite-paris-saclay.fr Trajectoires \u00e9cologiques et \u00e9volutives et r\u00e9ponse des esp\u00e8ces aux changements globaux Le but de mes recherches est de faire des pr\u00e9dictions sur le devenir de syst\u00e8mes populationnels \u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe-en"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=722"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/722\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=722"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}