{"id":691,"date":"2014-02-07T13:26:48","date_gmt":"2014-02-07T12:26:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=691"},"modified":"2014-02-07T13:26:48","modified_gmt":"2014-02-07T12:26:48","slug":"floriane-chardonnet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=691","title":{"rendered":"Floriane, Chardonnet"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"chardonnet\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Floriane, Chardonnet<\/p>\n

Fax 33 1 69 82 37 36
\nM\u00e8l. Floriane.Chardonnet@universite-paris-saclay.fr
\nTh\u00e8mes de Recherche<\/p>\n

R\u00f4le du g\u00e8ne foraging dans l\u2019\u00e9volution du comportement alimentaire de noctuelles foreuses de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales<\/p>\n

Au sein des esp\u00e8ces de noctuelles foreuses de Poac\u00e9es Sesamia calamistis et S. nonagrioides, des populations se d\u00e9veloppent sur plantes sauvages tandis que d\u2019autres exploitent principalement des plantes cultiv\u00e9es (ma\u00efs et sorgho). Les diff\u00e9rences qualitatives et quantitatives de ces deux types de ressource sugg\u00e8rent l\u2019\u00e9volution de strat\u00e9gies alimentaires distinctes, conf\u00e9rant aux insectes une fitness sp\u00e9cifique selon la plante-h\u00f4te consomm\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Le g\u00e8ne for (foraging), qui code pour une Prot\u00e9ine Kinase GMPc-d\u00e9pendante (PKG), est un g\u00e8ne candidat impliqu\u00e9 dans la modulation des comportements associ\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019alimentation chez diff\u00e9rents insectes (Dipt\u00e8res, Hym\u00e9nopt\u00e8res, Col\u00e9opt\u00e8res). Ces observations nous ont conduit \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se que le g\u00e8ne for modulerait la capacit\u00e9 des individus \u00e0 s\u2019adapter aux Poac\u00e9es sauvages ou cultiv\u00e9es, pr\u00e9disposant ainsi \u00e0 l\u2019apparition de population d\u2019insectes ravageurs.<\/p>\n

S\u2019inscrivant dans ce cadre th\u00e9orique, les objectifs de ma th\u00e8se s\u2019articulent autour de 2 axes principaux :<\/p>\n

1\/ Le d\u00e9veloppement de m\u00e9thodes d\u2019observation comportementale adapt\u00e9es aux chenilles foreuses de tiges. Ces techniques permettront d\u2019\u00e9tudier les particularit\u00e9s comportementales des diff\u00e9rentes populations naturelles, et d\u2019estimer le r\u00f4le du g\u00e8ne for dans l\u2019existence de ph\u00e9notypes comportementaux via l\u2019utilisation d\u2019un traitement pharmacologique (manipulation artificielle des niveaux d\u2019activit\u00e9 de la PKG).<\/p>\n

2\/ La recherche d\u2019un substrat biologique qui sous-tendrait l\u2019expression des comportements observ\u00e9s, par l\u2019analyse des niveaux d\u2019expression du g\u00e8ne for (PCR quantitative) et des niveaux d\u2019activit\u00e9 de la PKG (enzymologie) chez les diff\u00e9rentes populations des esp\u00e8ces cibles.<\/p>\n

Ces r\u00e9sultats seront \u00e9galement \u00e9tudi\u00e9s en relation avec le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e8ne, qui d\u00e9terminera la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019un polymorphisme potentiel entre les populations (collaboration avec Bastien Chouquet).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Floriane, Chardonnet Fax 33 1 69 82 37 36 M\u00e8l. Floriane.Chardonnet@universite-paris-saclay.fr Th\u00e8mes de Recherche R\u00f4le du g\u00e8ne foraging dans l\u2019\u00e9volution du comportement alimentaire de noctuelles foreuses de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales Au sein des esp\u00e8ces de noctuelles foreuses de Poac\u00e9es Sesamia calamistis et S. nonagrioides, des populations se d\u00e9veloppent sur plantes sauvages tandis que d\u2019autres exploitent principalement des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=691"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}