<\/p>\n
Stage de Master 1<\/p>\n
Polymorphisme d’insertion d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables associ\u00e9 \u00e0 l’exposition aux pesticides chez la drosophile.<\/p>\n
Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables, \u00e9l\u00e9ments g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques \u00e9go\u00efstes, sont souvent d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8res mais peuvent parfois favoriser l’adaptation \u00e0 des changements environnementaux s’ils s’ins\u00e8rent dans des r\u00e9gions r\u00e9gulatrices de g\u00e8nes impliqu\u00e9s dans ce processus adaptatif. C’est le cas par exemple lorsque leur insertion entra\u00eene l’augmentation de l’expression de g\u00e8nes de r\u00e9sistance aux insecticides chez des insectes commensaux comme la drosophile (Schlenke & Begun 2004, Schmidt et al 2010). Le g\u00e8ne de cytochrome P450 cyp6g1<\/em>, impliqu\u00e9 dans la d\u00e9toxification, en est un cas d’\u00e9cole qui refl\u00e8te une extraordinaire \u00e9volution parall\u00e8le chez plusieurs esp\u00e8ces de drosophile. Sa sur-expression dans une population fran\u00e7aise par rapport \u00e0 une population africaine de Drosophila simulans<\/em> est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 l’insertion d’un \u00e9l\u00e9ment transposable Juan <\/em>en amont de la s\u00e9quence codante du g\u00e8ne (Wurmser et al, 2013). Il s’agira pendant ce stage de compl\u00e9ter l’\u00e9tude du polymorphisme d’insertion d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables dans de nombreuses populations de D. simulans <\/em>\u00e0 travers le monde, ainsi que le polymorphisme de duplication du g\u00e8ne cyp6g1. <\/em>Ceci sera mis en relation avec le polymorphisme mol\u00e9culaire neutre associ\u00e9 par le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age de r\u00e9gions introniques. Par ailleurs, l’association \u00e9ventuelle de ce polymorphisme, et de la sur-expression de ce g\u00e8ne, \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance aux insecticides sera estim\u00e9e par des tests de r\u00e9sistance au DDT ainsi que des exp\u00e9riences de RT-PCR quantitative.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Mots-cl\u00e9s\u00a0: \u00e9volution, g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, adaptation, pesticides, transposons.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n R\u00e9f\u00e9rences\u00a0:<\/p>\n Schlenke TA, Begun DJ (2004) Strong selective sweep associated with a<\/p>\n transposon insertion in Drosophila simulans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 1626\u2013<\/p>\n 1631.<\/p>\n Schmidt JM, Good RT, Appleton B, Sherrard J, Raymant GC, et al. (2010)<\/p>\n Copy number variation and transposable elements feature in recent, ongoing<\/p>\n adaptation at the Cyp6g1 locus. PLoS Genet 6: e1000998.<\/p>\n Wurmser F, Mary-Huard T, Daudin J-J, Joly D, Montchamp-Moreau C (2013) Variation of gene expression associated with colonisation of an<\/p>\n anthropized environment: comparison between African and European populations of Drosophila simulans. PLoS ONE 8(11): e79750.<\/p>\n Lieu\u00a0: Laboratoire Evolution G\u00e9nomes Comportement Ecologie UMR 9191, CNRS Bat 13, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette.<\/p>\n Equipe d’accueil\u00a0: Invasive Genes and Genetic Interactions in Populations<\/p>\n (IGGIPOP)<\/p>\n Responsables: Catherine Montchamp-Moreau (DR CNRS, Directrice du laboratoire EGCE), Aur\u00e9lie Hua-Van (MC UPSud, responsable d’\u00e9quipe Iggipop).<\/p>\n Encadrants\u00a0: Pierre G\u00e9rard (MC AgroParisTech, UMR GQE Moulon, Gif), David Ogereau (IE CNRS EGCE).<\/p>\n https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLSfIfhvpoN0UyGL-adUySCRRMonVHotiqYIXi6JAfwgjOXDMFg\/viewform?edit2=2_ABaOnud4iS8yp5KXnwEtTNrA9RL5aA9sH3ShDYz9QcUE-ZHvD1SSfrfFR_ZF0fc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Stage de Master 1 Polymorphisme d’insertion d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables associ\u00e9 \u00e0 l’exposition aux pesticides chez la drosophile. Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables, \u00e9l\u00e9ments g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques \u00e9go\u00efstes, sont souvent d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8res mais peuvent parfois favoriser l’adaptation \u00e0 des changements environnementaux s’ils s’ins\u00e8rent dans des r\u00e9gions r\u00e9gulatrices de g\u00e8nes impliqu\u00e9s dans ce processus adaptatif. C’est le cas par exemple lorsque leur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6853","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6853"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6853\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}