{"id":254,"date":"2013-11-22T16:15:35","date_gmt":"2013-11-22T15:15:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=254"},"modified":"2013-11-22T16:15:35","modified_gmt":"2013-11-22T15:15:35","slug":"caracterisation-par-immunodetection-de-la-dynamique-dadhesion-de-proteines-du-fluide-seminal-au-spermatozoide-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=254","title":{"rendered":"Caract\u00e9risation par immunod\u00e9tection de la dynamique d’adh\u00e9sion de prot\u00e9ines du fluide s\u00e9minal au spermatozo\u00efde"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nom de l’\u00e9quipe d’accueil<\/span>
\nG\u00e9n\u00e9tique \u00c9volutive, Reproduction et Adaptation des drosophiles<\/p>\n

Responsable<\/span>
\nJoly<\/p>\n

Profil du candidat<\/span>
\nBiochimie, physiologie, biologie \u00e9volutive<\/p>\n

Descriptif du stage<\/span>
\nChez les esp\u00e8ces sexu\u00e9es, le succ\u00e8s reproducteur d’un m\u00e2le d\u00e9pend de l’attractivit\u00e9 et de la r\u00e9ceptivit\u00e9 femelle \u00e0 un accouplement. Ces facteurs sont sous le contr\u00f4le de signaux chimiques (ph\u00e9romones et prot\u00e9ines sexuelles) qui augmentent l’assurance de paternit\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des modifications comportementales et physiologiques de la femelle (i.e. diminution de sa r\u00e9ceptivit\u00e9 sexuelle et augmentation de la ponte). Les prot\u00e9ines du fluide s\u00e9minal jouent \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard un r\u00f4le primordial, et provoquent chez certaines esp\u00e8ces une monoandrie des femelles. Chez Drosophila melanogaster, les prot\u00e9ines s\u00e9minales s\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9es par les glandes accessoires des m\u00e2les (Acps) ont un r\u00f4le majeur. Parmi elles, l\u2019Acp70A a \u00e9t\u00e9 bien \u00e9tudi\u00e9e et caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e fonctionnellement. La dur\u00e9e d’inhibition de la r\u00e9ceptivit\u00e9 femelle d\u00e9pend de l\u2019adh\u00e9sion de ce peptide aux spermatozo\u00efdes et de sa lib\u00e9ration lors du stockage de ces derniers dans les voies g\u00e9nitales femelles. L\u2019Acp70A atteint alors des r\u00e9cepteurs neuronaux qui d\u00e9clenchent les r\u00e9ponses femelles. Un autre peptide, le Dup99B se fixe au m\u00eame r\u00e9cepteur neuronal et d\u00e9clenche la m\u00eame r\u00e9ponse poscopulatoire. L\u2019objectif du travail est d\u2019\u00e9tudier les particularit\u00e9s fonctionnelles de ces 2 peptides chez les esp\u00e8ces proches de D. melanogaster et d\u2019analyser leur relation avec le spermatozo\u00efde. Nous avons d\u00e9j\u00e0 identifi\u00e9 les orthologues de l\u2019Acp70A chez les 8 esp\u00e8ces affines de D. melanogaster et valid\u00e9 leur expression dans les glandes accessoires des m\u00e2les. L\u2019emploi d\u2019un anticorps dirig\u00e9 contre l\u2019Acp70A de D. melanogaster nous a permis d\u2019immunod\u00e9tecter les orthologues chez toutes les esp\u00e8ces sauf une et de montrer leur pr\u00e9sence dans les \u00e9jaculats r\u00e9colt\u00e9s chez les femelles. Il s’agit maintenant de produire un anticorps chez l\u2019esp\u00e8ce manquante, de d\u00e9terminer la dynamique d’adh\u00e9sion de cette Acp70A au spermatozo\u00efde ainsi que de quantifier dans le temps son association avec lui au cours du stockage chez les diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces. Un travail similaire sera entrepris pour le Dup99B, en particulier chez les esp\u00e8ces pour lesquelles il semble que l\u2019Acp70A n\u2019ait aucun effet. Il s\u2019agit donc de s\u00e9quencer le g\u00e8ne et les transcrits, produire les anticorps sp\u00e9cifiques et suivre son devenir lors du stockage des spermatozo\u00efdes chez la femelle. Ces r\u00e9sultats permettront de mieux comprendre (1) le r\u00f4le de ces prot\u00e9ines s\u00e9minales dans l’\u00e9volution des strat\u00e9gies monoandre (cf D. santomea) ou polyandre (cf D. melanogaster) des esp\u00e8ces, et (2) de valider l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se du spermatozo\u00efde comme r\u00e9servoir de substances paternelles qui agissent \u00e0 long terme sur le comportement et la physiologie de la femelle. L’utilisation de peptides synth\u00e9tiques de l’Acp70A, et du Dup99B (en cours de production) permettra, par injection chez la femelle en conditions intra- et intersp\u00e9cifique, de mieux pr\u00e9ciser le r\u00f4le de ces Acp dans les interactions m\u00e2le-femelle et l\u2019\u00e9volution de ces derni\u00e8res au cours du processus de sp\u00e9ciation.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span>
\nFindlay et al. 2008. Proteomics reveals novel Drosophila seminal fluid proteins. PLoS Biol 6: e178. Kim et al. 2010. MIPs are ancestral ligands for the sex peptide receptor. PNAS 107: 6520-6525. Liu H, Kubli E. 2003. Sex-peptide is the molecular basis of the sperm effect in Drosophila melanogaster. PNAS 100: 9929-9933. Peng et al. 2005. Gradual release of sperm bound sex-peptide controls female postmating behavior in Drosophila. Curr. Biol. 15: 207-213. Saudan et al. 2002. Ductus ejaculatorius peptide 99B (DUP99B), a novel Drosophila melanogaster sex-peptide pheromone. Eur. J. Biochem. 269: 989-997. Ravi Ram K, Wolfner MF. 2007. Sustained post-mating response in Drosophila melanogaster requires multiple seminal fluid proteins. PLoS Genet 3: e238.<\/p>\n

Mots clefs<\/span>
\ns\u00e9lection sexuelle, biologie de la reproduction, prot\u00e9ines du fluide s\u00e9minal, immunomarquage<\/p>\n

Contact<\/span>
\nDominique.Joly@universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/p>\n

Date de validit\u00e9<\/span>
\nVendredi 31 Janvier 2014<\/p>\n

Dur\u00e9 (mois)<\/span>
\n6<\/p>\n

Date de publication du stage<\/span>
\nLundi 26 Ao\u00fbt 2013<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nom de l’\u00e9quipe d’accueil G\u00e9n\u00e9tique \u00c9volutive, Reproduction et Adaptation des drosophiles Responsable Joly Profil du candidat Biochimie, physiologie, biologie \u00e9volutive Descriptif du stage Chez les esp\u00e8ces sexu\u00e9es, le succ\u00e8s reproducteur d’un m\u00e2le d\u00e9pend de l’attractivit\u00e9 et de la r\u00e9ceptivit\u00e9 femelle \u00e0 un accouplement. Ces facteurs sont sous le contr\u00f4le de signaux chimiques (ph\u00e9romones et prot\u00e9ines […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-master-ii"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=254"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}