{"id":16831,"date":"2023-08-24T16:36:55","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T14:36:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=16831"},"modified":"2024-12-03T13:53:34","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T12:53:34","slug":"melissa-pitzalis-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=16831","title":{"rendered":"Melissa Pitzalis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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PhD student <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

melissa.pitzalis@universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Sujet de Th\u00e8se <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/s>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/s>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/s>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/s><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dans le monde animal, la capacit\u00e9 vitale \u00e0 distinguer les substances nocives des substances nutritives est obtenue gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la d\u00e9tection d’une large gamme de compos\u00e9s volatils et non volatils. Alors que l’olfaction aide les individus \u00e0 s’orienter initialement vers des sources potentielles de nourriture, le sens du go\u00fbt<\/strong> est l’arbitre ultime qui d\u00e9termine l’ingestion ou le rejet d’un aliment. Comprendre comment le syst\u00e8me nerveux central traite et encode l’information gustative<\/strong> a des implications majeures en neuro\u00e9thologie. Un mod\u00e8le d’insecte bien \u00e9tabli en neurosciences, en \u00e9tudes comportementales et \u00e9cologiques, qui constitue un candidat int\u00e9ressant pour l’\u00e9tude du traitement gustatif, est l’abeille domestique, Apis mellifera<\/strong><\/em>.
En effet, les abeilles domestiques sont des animaux eusociaux ayant d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 des comportements alimentaires sophistiqu\u00e9s, o\u00f9 les besoins nutritionnels des individus doivent \u00eatre ajust\u00e9s en fonction des besoins collectifs de la colonie. Malgr\u00e9 les nombreuses recherches consacr\u00e9es \u00e0 d’autres modalit\u00e9s sensorielles comme l’olfaction et la vision, peu de travaux ont explor\u00e9 les m\u00e9canismes \u00e0 l’origine du traitement gustatif <\/strong>chez Apis mellifera<\/em>. De plus, le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome de l’abeille a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une raret\u00e9 de g\u00e8nes codant pour les r\u00e9cepteurs gustatifs par rapport \u00e0 d’autres esp\u00e8ces d’insectes, qui poss\u00e8dent plusieurs dizaines de r\u00e9cepteurs gustatifs (GR) mais pr\u00e9sentent des comportements gustatifs moins \u00e9labor\u00e9s. Cette raret\u00e9 soul\u00e8ve une question intrigante : comment un comportement gustatif aussi riche peut-il \u00e9merger \u00e0 partir d’un ensemble r\u00e9duit de canaux d’entr\u00e9e gustatifs<\/strong> ? La r\u00e9ponse pourrait r\u00e9sider dans les m\u00e9canismes par lesquels le cerveau de l’abeille traite, encode et interpr\u00e8te l’information gustative<\/strong>.
En int\u00e9grant des approches neuroanatomiques, comportementales et neurophysiologiques<\/strong>, mon objectif est de d\u00e9voiler les m\u00e9canismes sous-jacents au traitement central de l’information gustative chez les abeilles domestiques<\/strong>, en mettant en relation le comportement et ses substrats neuronaux. \u00c0 terme, cette recherche fournira une compr\u00e9hension approfondie des m\u00e9canismes adaptatifs utilis\u00e9s par les abeilles pour moduler leur comportement alimentaire et contribuer \u00e0 la production de comportements alimentaires sophistiqu\u00e9s, caract\u00e9ristiques de cette esp\u00e8ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Communications scientifiques\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/s><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • 2024, oral communication \u2013 19th<\/sup> International Symposium on Olfaction and Taste<\/strong> [Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland] <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 2024, oral communication \u201324th<\/sup> meeting of the Club of Insect Neurobiology<\/strong> [Gif-sur-Yvette, France] <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 2023, oral communication \u2013 Neuroethology Satellite Meeting of Neurofrance <\/strong>[Lyon, France]<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 2023, poster presentation <\/strong>\u20139th<\/sup> ed. of the Doctoral School Day<\/strong> [Gif-sur-Yvette, France]<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 2023, poster presentation <\/strong>\u2013 15th<\/sup> G\u00f6ttingen Meeting of the German Neuroscience Society<\/strong> [G\u00f6ttingen, Germany] <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Education & employment history  <\/strong>                                                           <\/s><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • 2022-2025, PhD student<\/strong>, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay\n
        \n
      • Gustatory processing in the brain of the honey bee <\/em>Apis mellifera<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 2022, Calcium Imaging and Neuroanatomy assistant<\/strong>, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 2022, Master degree in Evolution of Animal and Human Behaviour<\/strong>, University of Turin\n
          \n
        • The olfactome partition in the honey bee brain: exploring neural activity patterns through multisite calcium imaging on genetically engineered <\/em>Apis mellifera.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • 2021, Internship<\/strong>, University of Bristol (UK): \n
            \n
          • Comparative neuroanatomy in Heliconiini butterflies: how neurogenesis has been altered to bring about a massive increase in the number of neurons in the mushroom bodies<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • 2021, Internship<\/strong>, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)\n
              \n
            • Exploring neural activity patterns through multisite calcium imaging on genetically engineered <\/em>Apis mellifera<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • 2020-2025, Teaching assistant<\/strong>, University of Turin (Italy) & Universit\u00e9-Paris-Saclay<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • 2019, Docent guide<\/strong>, El Castillo (Costa Rica)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • 2019, Bachelor degree in Natural Sciences, University of Turin<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              PhD student melissa.pitzalis@universite-paris-saclay.fr Sujet de Th\u00e8se \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dans le monde animal, la capacit\u00e9 vitale \u00e0 distinguer les substances nocives des substances nutritives est obtenue gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la d\u00e9tection d’une large gamme de compos\u00e9s volatils et non volatils. Alors que l’olfaction aide les individus \u00e0 s’orienter initialement vers des sources potentielles de nourriture, le sens du […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":148,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-personnels"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/148"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16831"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20229,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16831\/revisions\/20229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}