{"id":12509,"date":"2020-10-20T14:11:03","date_gmt":"2020-10-20T13:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=12509"},"modified":"2020-10-20T14:11:03","modified_gmt":"2020-10-20T13:11:03","slug":"organisation-spatiale-des-populations-dabeilles-melliferes-sauvages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=12509&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"Organisation spatiale des populations d\u2019abeilles mellif\u00e8res sauvages"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Niveau : <\/strong>Master 2 ou 3\u00e8me<\/sup> ann\u00e9e \u00c9cole Ing\u00e9nieur<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lieu du stage : <\/strong>UMR EGCE (www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/a>), campus CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette (91), 10 minutes \u00e0 pied du RER B<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Encadrement : <\/strong>Fabrice Requier<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e9riode \u2013 Dur\u00e9e : <\/strong>6 mois (2021)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contexte<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En Europe, l\u2019abeille mellif\u00e8re Apis mellifera <\/em>pr\u00e9sente une double nature comme esp\u00e8ce g\u00e9r\u00e9e et esp\u00e8ce sauvage (Requier et al. 2019). M\u00eame si les populations sauvages d’A. mellifera <\/em>constituent une composante menac\u00e9e de la faune indig\u00e8ne, trop peu d’attention ont \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9es sur le suivi de ces populations (Requier & Crewe 2019, Seeley 2019). N\u00e9anmoins, des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes ont montr\u00e9 que des colonies sauvages d’A. mellifera<\/em> peuvent \u00eatre trouv\u00e9es dans les for\u00eats du nord de la Pologne (Oleksa et al. 2013) et d\u2019Allemagne centrale (Kohl & Rutschmann 2018). Les cavit\u00e9s creus\u00e9es par des pics ou r\u00e9sultant de la d\u00e9composition du bois constituent les principaux sites de nidification de ces colonies sauvages dans les for\u00eats (Requier et al. 2020). D\u2019autres sites de nidifications existent, comme des cavit\u00e9s de roche ou des structures humaines (ex. : chemin\u00e9es, Canteneur 1982). Cependant, la complexit\u00e9 d\u2019exportation de larges territoires limite \u00e0 ce jour les connaissances sur l\u2019\u00e9cologie des colonies sauvages d\u2019abeilles mellif\u00e8res et emp\u00eache l\u2019\u00e9tablissement d\u2019un statu de conservation (IUCN).  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Objectifs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce stage vise \u00e0 \u00e9tudier l\u2019organisation spatiale des colonies sauvages d\u2019abeilles mellif\u00e8res dans un territoire, avec un double objectif, fondamental <\/em>: connaissance sur l\u2019\u00e9cologie des abeilles, et appliqu\u00e9 <\/em>: aide \u00e0 l\u2019exploration du territoire. Pour ce faire, ce stage se fera en deux \u00e9tapes : (1) sur la base de l\u2019analyse de donn\u00e9es existantes de g\u00e9olocalisation des colonies sauvages d\u2019abeilles mellif\u00e8res, le\/la stagiaire \u00e9tudiera la distribution spatiale des colonies et testera des hypoth\u00e8ses d\u2019organisations spatiales (comp\u00e9tition, pr\u00e9dation, territorialisme, hybridation, etc.). Les r\u00e9sultats de cette premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape permettront d\u2019affiner un design exp\u00e9rimental d\u2019exploration r\u00e9duite\/orient\u00e9e du territoire (bas\u00e9 sur la pr\u00e9diction spatiale de pr\u00e9sence de colonies), et d\u2019explorer de nouveaux sites d\u2019\u00e9tudes. (2) Le\/la stagiaire proc\u00e9dera \u00e0 l\u2019exploration r\u00e9duite\/orient\u00e9e de nouveaux sites d\u2019\u00e9tudes dans le parc naturel r\u00e9gional de la Haute Vall\u00e9e de Chevreuse (en for\u00eat de Rambouillet, \u00e0 30mins du laboratoire EGCE). L\u2019exploration spatiale consistera en l\u2019observation syst\u00e9matique de cavit\u00e9s (arbres, roches, etc.), description standardis\u00e9e et g\u00e9olocalisation, pr\u00e9sence\/absence de colonie d\u2019abeilles, et \u00e9chantillonnage d\u2019individus. Les r\u00e9sultats des explorations seront compar\u00e9s avec les pr\u00e9dictions (issues des donn\u00e9es existantes) afin de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 des testes de validation crois\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliographiques<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canteneur, R. (1982). Bee (Apis mellifera<\/em>) colonies living in the wild. An epidemiological survey. Abeille de France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kohl, P. L., & Rutschmann, B. (2018). The neglected bee trees: European beech forests as a home for feral honey bee colonies. PeerJ<\/em>, 6<\/em>, e4602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.4602<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Requier, F., Paillet, Y., Laroche, F., Rutschmann, B., Zhang, J., Lombardi, F., Svoboda, F., Steffan-Dewenter, I. (2020) Contribution of European forests to safeguard wild honey bee populations. Conservation Letters, <\/em>13, e12693.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/conl.12693<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Requier, F. & Crewe, R.M. (2019) Learning from wild honey bees. Trends in Ecology & Evolution <\/em>34(11), 967-968.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tree.2019.08.002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Requier, F., Garnery, L., Kohl, P.L., Njovu, H.K., Pirk, C.W.W., Crewe, R.M., Steffan-Dewenter, I. (2019) The conservation of native honey bees is crucial. Trends in Ecology & Evolution <\/em>34(9), 789-798.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tree.2019.04.008<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seeley, T. D. (2019). The Lives of Bees: The Untold Story of the Honey Bee in the Wild<\/em>. Princeton: Princeton University Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comp\u00e9tences requises<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Comp\u00e9tences en analyses statistiques (GLMM) et SIG, ma\u00eetrise du logiciel R (www.r-project.org<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Connaissances en \u00e9cologie spatiale<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Go\u00fbt pour la mod\u00e9lisation<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Rigueur, autonomie, sens relationnel<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Maitrise de l\u2019anglais<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Capacit\u00e9s r\u00e9dactionnelles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Conditions physiques (mission de terrain)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Permis B<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gratification et conditions d\u2019accueil<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La gratification sera d\u2019environ 580 euros\/mois. Le ou la stagiaire sera bas\u00e9(e) \u00e0 l\u2019UMR EGCE, campus CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette. Des missions de terrain seront organis\u00e9es vers les diverses sites d\u2019\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modalit\u00e9s de candidature<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adresser par voie num\u00e9rique une lettre de motivation et un CV \u00e0 Fabrice Requier (fabrice.requier@universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/a>).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Niveau : Master 2 ou 3\u00e8me ann\u00e9e \u00c9cole Ing\u00e9nieur Lieu du stage : UMR EGCE (www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr), campus CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette (91), 10 minutes \u00e0 pied du RER B Encadrement : Fabrice Requier P\u00e9riode \u2013 Dur\u00e9e : 6 mois (2021) Contexte En Europe, l\u2019abeille mellif\u00e8re Apis mellifera pr\u00e9sente une double nature comme esp\u00e8ce g\u00e9r\u00e9e et esp\u00e8ce sauvage (Requier et al. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe-en"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12509"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12509\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}