{"id":12494,"date":"2020-10-20T12:53:10","date_gmt":"2020-10-20T11:53:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=12494"},"modified":"2020-10-20T12:53:10","modified_gmt":"2020-10-20T11:53:10","slug":"suivi-automatique-du-rythme-circadien-et-du-risque-de-mortalite-naturelle-des-abeilles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?p=12494&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"Suivi automatique du rythme circadien et du risque de mortalit\u00e9 naturelle des abeilles"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Niveau : <\/strong>Master 2 ou 3\u00e8me<\/sup> ann\u00e9e \u00c9cole Ing\u00e9nieur<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lieu du stage : <\/strong>UMR EGCE (www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/a>), campus CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette (91), 10 minutes \u00e0 pied du RER B<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Encadrement : <\/strong>Fabrice Requier et Fran\u00e7ois Rebaudo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e9riode \u2013 Dur\u00e9e : <\/strong>6 mois (2021)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contexte<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9cents des dispositifs automatis\u00e9s de suivi individuel ont r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 la collecte de donn\u00e9es sur les animaux en conditions naturelles. Par exemple, il est d\u00e9sormais possible de mesurer les activit\u00e9s de d\u00e9placement de nombreux animaux sur toute la dur\u00e9e de vie individuelle, y compris pour les abeilles (Requier et al. 2020). Cependant, cette technologie nouvelle est principalement utilis\u00e9e sur les esp\u00e8ces d\u2019abeilles sociales telles que les abeilles mellif\u00e8res (Apis mellifera<\/em>, e.g. Requier et al. 2020), les bourdons (genre Bombus<\/em>, e.g. Gill & Raine 2014) et les abeilles melipones (tribu Meliponini<\/em>, Nunes-Silva et al. 2020) pour tester les effets des pesticides et des agents pathog\u00e8nes sur la long\u00e9vit\u00e9 des abeilles (Nunes-Silva et al. 2019). \u00c0 ce jour, seules des m\u00e9thodes traditionnelles de capture-marquage-recapture sont utilis\u00e9es sur les abeilles solitaires (e.g. Hofmann et al. 2020), limitant substantiellement la quantit\u00e9 et la qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es collect\u00e9es. Ainsi, des applications persistent quant \u00e0 l\u2019usage de cette technologie pour \u00e9tudier l\u2019\u00e9cologie \u00e9volutive des abeilles sociales et solitaires en conditions naturelles, alors que des effets de socialit\u00e9 sont soup\u00e7onn\u00e9s (Wittwer et al. 2017) et que ces informations sont capitales pour \u00e9talonner les effets caus\u00e9s par des facteurs de stress (e.g. l\u2019exposition aux pesticides).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Objectifs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En combinant l\u2019utilisation de compteurs d\u2019abeilles et de dispositifs RFID, ce stage vise \u00e0 \u00e9tudier le rythme circadien d\u2019activit\u00e9 de vol et le risque de mortalit\u00e9 naturelle des abeilles sociales et solitaires en condition de \u00ab plein champ \u00bb. Le\/la stagiaire mettra en place une exp\u00e9rimentation de suivi automatis\u00e9 sur le campus du CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette. Cette \u00e9tude se focalisera sur Apis mellifera<\/em> comme esp\u00e8ce sociale et sur Osmia cornuta<\/em> et Osmia bicornis<\/em> pour les esp\u00e8ces solitaires. Des cohortes successives d\u2019abeilles seront suivies au cours du temps, des variables de budget-temps seront collect\u00e9es automatiquement pour chaque abeille et chaque vol, et des variables m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques seront \u00e9galement enregistr\u00e9es. Le package R \u00ab aof \u00bb sera utilis\u00e9 pour estimer le risque de mortalit\u00e9 naturelle des abeilles et calculer le rythme circadien \u00e0 partir des s\u00e9ries temporelles de budget-temps (Requier & Rebaudo 2020). Des mod\u00e8les statistiques seront d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s pour identifier des potentiels facteurs sp\u00e9cifiques et\/ou abiotiques (e.g. temp\u00e9rature) pouvant affecter les rythmes circadiens et les taux de mortalit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces et cohortes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliographiques<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gill, R. J., Raine, N. E. (2014) Chronic impairment of bumblebee natural foraging behaviour induced by sublethal pesticide exposure. Functional Ecology, 28, 1459\u20131471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1365-2435.12292<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hofmann, M. M., Fleischmann, A., Renner, S. S. (2020) Foraging distances in six species of solitary bees with body lengths of 6 to 15 mm, inferred from individual tagging, suggest 150 m-rule-of-thumb for flower strip distances. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 77, 105\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/jhr.77.51182<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nunes\u2011Silva, P., Hrncir, M., Guimar\u00e3es, J. T. F., Arruda, H., Costa, L., Pessin, G., Siqueira, J. O., de Souza, P., Imperatriz\u2011Fonseca, V. L. (2019) Applications of RFID technology on the study of bees. Insectes Sociaux, 66,15\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00040-018-0660-5<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nunes-Silva, P. et al. (2020) Radiofrequency identification (RFID) reveals long-distance flight and homing abilities of the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata<\/em>. Apidologie, 51, 240\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13592-019-00706-8<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Requier, F., Henry, M., Decourtye, A., Brun, F., Aupinel, P., Rebaudo, F., Bretagnolle, V. (2020) Measuring ontogenetic shifts in central-place foragers: a case study with honey bees. Journal of Animal Ecology 89, 1860\u20131871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13248<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Requier, F.,Rebaudo, F. (2020) aof: Ontogenetic Shifts in Central-Place Foraging Insects<\/em>. R package version 0.1.2. https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/aof\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Wittwer, B., Hefetz, A., Simon, T., Murphy, L. E. K., Elgar, M. A., Pierce, N. E., Kocher, S. D. (2017) Solitary bees reduce investment in communication compared with their social relatives. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(25), 6569-6574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1620780114<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comp\u00e9tences requises<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Comp\u00e9tences en analyses statistiques (GLMM), ma\u00eetrise du logiciel R (www.r-project.org<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Connaissances en \u00e9cologie \u00e9volutive et en \u00e9cologie comportementale<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Go\u00fbt pour la mod\u00e9lisation<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Rigueur, autonomie, sens relationnel<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Go\u00fbt pour l\u2019exp\u00e9rimentation de terrain<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Maitrise de l\u2019anglais<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Capacit\u00e9s r\u00e9dactionnelles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gratification et conditions d\u2019accueil<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La gratification sera d\u2019environ 580 euros\/mois. Le stage sera bas\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019UMR EGCE, campus CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette. Les exp\u00e9rimentations de terrain se d\u00e9rouleront sur le campus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modalit\u00e9s de candidature<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adresser par voie num\u00e9rique une lettre de motivation et un CV \u00e0 Fabrice Requier (fabrice.requier@universite-paris-saclay.fr<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Niveau : Master 2 ou 3\u00e8me ann\u00e9e \u00c9cole Ing\u00e9nieur Lieu du stage : UMR EGCE (www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr), campus CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette (91), 10 minutes \u00e0 pied du RER B Encadrement : Fabrice Requier et Fran\u00e7ois Rebaudo P\u00e9riode \u2013 Dur\u00e9e : 6 mois (2021) Contexte Les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9cents des dispositifs automatis\u00e9s de suivi individuel ont r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 la collecte de donn\u00e9es sur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe-en"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12494","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12494"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12494\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}