{"id":7640,"date":"2017-05-23T09:14:06","date_gmt":"2017-05-23T08:14:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?page_id=7640"},"modified":"2017-05-23T09:14:06","modified_gmt":"2017-05-23T08:14:06","slug":"interactions-genetiques-et-genes-invasifs-dans-les-populations","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/?page_id=7640","title":{"rendered":"Interactions G\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et G\u00e8nes Invasifs dans les Populations"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e8mes<\/span><\/h2>\n

Les th\u00e8mes de notre \u00e9quipe s’articulent autour de la probl\u00e9matique suivante: Comment interagissent les diff\u00e9rents
\ncomposants du g\u00e9nome au sein des populations et quelles sont les cons\u00e9quences sur l\u2019\u00e9volution du
\ng\u00e9nome, son \u00e9volvabilit\u00e9, et les ph\u00e9notypes qui en d\u00e9coulent?
\nLa s\u00e9lection naturelle, les mutations et la d\u00e9rive g\u00e9n\u00e9tique sont des forces majeures pr\u00e9sidant \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9volution
\ndes populations et des esp\u00e8ces. La s\u00e9lection naturelle va agir au niveau du ph\u00e9notype, lui m\u00eame d\u00e9pendant des
\ninteractions entre le g\u00e9notype et l\u2019environnement. Au sein du g\u00e9nome, l\u2019environnement peut \u00eatre assimil\u00e9 \u00e0
\nl\u2019\u00e9tat \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique, le g\u00e9notype \u00e9tant repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par les g\u00e8nes et leurs interactions (\u00e9pistasie). Ainsi, c\u2019est au
\nniveau du g\u00e9nome mais dans le cadre de la population que se situe nos th\u00e9matiques.
\nLes aspects qui nous int\u00e9ressent plus particuli\u00e8rement sont l\u2019\u00e9volution et la dynamique de diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes
\ng\u00e9n\u00e9tiques dans les populations et ultimement \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, les interactions entretenues dans ces
\nsyst\u00e8mes, l\u2019influence de l\u2019\u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique, ainsi que les cons\u00e9quences au niveau ph\u00e9notypique et au niveau
\nadaptatif.<\/p>\n

Syst\u00e8mes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques complexes.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Il reste difficile de comprendre comment ces syst\u00e8mes \u00e9voluent. Ce sont d\u2019une part les ensembles de g\u00e8nes contr\u00f4lant les caract\u00e8res quantitatifs, mais aussi les r\u00e9seaux de g\u00e8nes, soumis \u00e0 des effets \u00e9pistatiques ou de canalisation, ou encore l\u2019ensemble des s\u00e9quences pr\u00e9sentes sur un chromosome.<\/p>\n

Syst\u00e8mes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques dits \u00e9go\u00efstes.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ces syst\u00e8mes ont la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de s\u2019amplifier dans les populations plus rapidement ou plus efficacement
\nque ne le permet la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation mend\u00e9lienne ou la s\u00e9lection darwinienne. Parmi eux, on trouve notamment les
\ndistorteurs de s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation, qui favorisent leur propre transmission aux d\u00e9pends des all\u00e8les alternatifs, ou les
\n\u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables (ET)<\/a><\/span>, qui se r\u00e9pliquent plus rapidement que le g\u00e9nome h\u00f4te et profitent de la reproduction
\nsexu\u00e9e pour envahir les populations.<\/p>\n

Nos diff\u00e9rents projets combinent en part variable des approches exp\u00e9rimentales, bio-informatiques et
\nth\u00e9oriques. La partie exp\u00e9rimentale comprend de l\u2019\u00e9volution exp\u00e9rimentale et l\u2019analyse de populations
\nnaturelles, combin\u00e9es \u00e0 des analyses morphologiques, transcriptomiques ou g\u00e9nomiques. Notre mod\u00e8le
\nprincipal est la drosophile (D. melanogaster et D. simulans). La partie bio-informatique vise \u00e0 mieux
\ncomprendre l\u2019\u00e9volution des s\u00e9quences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle des g\u00e9nomes et des populations.<\/p>\n

Les propositions de stages dans l’\u00e9quipe<\/span><\/h2>\n

Dans quelle mesure les mod\u00e8les multivari\u00e9s en g\u00e9n\u00e9tique quantitative peuvent pr\u00e9dire l’\u00e9volution?<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

Etude des transferts horizontaux de g\u00e8nes de gu\u00eapes parasito\u00efdes \u00e0 leurs l\u00e9pidopt\u00e8res h\u00f4tes<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

Les membres de l’\u00e9quipe<\/h2>\n

Chercheurs et Enseignants-chercheurs<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"Aurelie-carre\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Aur\u00e9lie Hua-Van<\/a>
\nResponsable d’\u00e9quipe<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud 11 (Orsay)<\/strong>
\nEvolution mol\u00e9culaire et dynamique \u00e9volutive des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables dans les g\u00e9nomes
\nR\u00e9gulation de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment transposable mariner chez les drosophiles<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"montchamp\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Catherine Montchamp-Moreau<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Directrice de Recherche Emerite\u00a0 CNRS<\/strong>
\nConflits g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques, bases mol\u00e9culaires et histoire \u00e9volutive de la distorsion de s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation m\u00e9iotique des chromosomes sexuels chez la drosophile<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"capy[1]\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Pierre Capy<\/a>
\nDirecteur de l’IDEEV <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Professeur \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud (Orsay)<\/strong>;
\nEl\u00e9ment transposable mariner<\/span>.
\nEvolution de la structure des ETs.
\nDynamique d’invasion et maintien sur le long terme des ETs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"david\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Jean David<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Directeur de Recherche \u00e9m\u00e9rite du CNRS.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Plasticit\u00e9 ph\u00e9notypique
\nTol\u00e9rance \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"lerouzic\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Arnaud Le Rouzic<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Charg\u00e9 de recherche CNRS<\/strong>
\nApproches theoriques de l’\u00e9volution des syst\u00e8mes h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaires et de leur evolvabilit\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Cl\u00e9ment Gilbert<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Charg\u00e9 de recherche CNRS<\/strong>
\nTransfert horizontaux et \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ing\u00e9nieurs et Techniciens<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"clavereau2\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Isabelle Clavereau<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Technicienne CNRS.<\/strong>
\nR\u00e9gulation de l’expression des \u00e9l\u00e9ments transposables dans les populations naturelles de Drosophila simulans<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"ELEGEM_Robillard\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Emilie Robillard<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Assistante Ing\u00e9nieure CNRS<\/strong>
\nActivit\u00e9 et r\u00e9gulation de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment transposable mariner<\/span> dans Drosophila melanogaster.<\/span>
\nDynamique d’invasion dans les populations de Drosophila melanogaster<\/span> de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment transposable mariner<\/span>.
\nComp\u00e9tition entre copies.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"ogereau\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Doctorants<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/td>\nCecile Courret<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Doctorante de l’\u00c9cole Doctorale \u00ab\u00a0Structure et Dynamique des Syst\u00e8mes Vivants\u00a0\u00bb, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bases mol\u00e9culaires du conflit g\u00e9n\u00e9tique induit par la distorsion de s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation des chromosomes sexuels chez Drosophila simulans<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Encadrement : Catherine Montchamp-Moreau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Andreas Odorico<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorant de l’\u00c9cole Doctorale \u00ab\u00a0Structure et Dynamique des Syst\u00e8mes Vivants\u00a0\u00bb, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c9volution des r\u00e9seaux de r\u00e9gulation : confrontation des mod\u00e8les th\u00e9oriques et des r\u00e9sultats empiriques.<\/p>\n

Encadrement : Arnaud Le Rouzic.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Vincent Loiseau<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorant de l’Ecole Doctorale \u00ab\u00a0Structure et Dynamique des Syst\u00e8mes Vivants\u00a0\u00bb , Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Etude des m\u00e9canismes et de la fr\u00e9quence des transferts horizontaux de mat\u00e9riel g\u00e9n\u00e9tique entre animaux m\u00e9di\u00e9s par les virus<\/p>\n

Encadrement : Cl\u00e9ment Gilbert<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Anciens \u00c9tudiants<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"Maryem\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Maryem Bouallegue<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorante de l’Ecole Doctorale \u00ab\u00a0Structure et Dynamique des Syst\u00e8mes Vivants\u00a0\u00bb , Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay\/ Universit\u00e9 de Tunis (Cotutelle)
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Encadrement : Pierre Capy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"photo<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Estelle R\u00fcnneburger<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorante de l’Ecole Doctorale \u00ab\u00a0Structure et Dynamique des Syst\u00e8mes Vivants\u00a0\u00bb , Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay.<\/strong>
\nEvolution des r\u00e9seaux de g\u00e8nes. Causes et cons\u00e9quences de l’\u00e9volution du ph\u00e9notype.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e8se soutenue en 2017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"Bastien\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Bastien Saint-Leandre<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorante de l’Ecole Doctorale \u00ab\u00a0Structure et Dynamique des Syst\u00e8mes Vivants\u00a0\u00bb , Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay.<\/strong>
\nR\u00e9gulation de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment mariner<\/em> chez les drosophiles.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e8se soutenue en 2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"moi\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Quentin Helleu<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorant \u00c9cole Doctorale G\u00e8nes, G\u00e9nomes, Cellules, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud XI.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cartographie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments distorteurs chez Drosophila simulans<\/span>. Encadrement : Catherine Montchamp-Moreau.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e8se soutenue en 2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"Gabriel2\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Gabriel Da Luz Wallau<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorant de l’Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Santa Maria – BRESIL<\/strong>
\nEvolution des \u00e9l\u00e9ments mariner dans les genomes s\u00e9quenc\u00e9s de drosophiles.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e8se soutenue en 2013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/td>\n\n

Thibaud Boutin<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorant de l’Ecole Doctorale \u00ab\u00a0G\u00e8nes, G\u00e9nomes, Cellules\u00a0\u00bb (Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud)<\/strong>
\nDynamique d’invasion et maintien sur le long terme des ETs.
\nTh\u00e8se soutenue le 16 septembre 2010<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/td>\n\n

Sophie Picot<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doctorante de l’\u00e9cole doctorale, \u00ab\u00a0G\u00e8nes, G\u00e9nomes, Cellules\u00a0\u00bb (Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud)<\/strong>
\nActivity of the transposable element mariner<\/span> in natural populations of Drosophila simulans <\/i>
\nTh\u00e8se soutenue en 2008<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e8mes Les th\u00e8mes de notre \u00e9quipe s’articulent autour de la probl\u00e9matique suivante: Comment interagissent les diff\u00e9rents composants du g\u00e9nome au sein des populations et quelles sont les cons\u00e9quences sur l\u2019\u00e9volution du g\u00e9nome, son \u00e9volvabilit\u00e9, et les ph\u00e9notypes qui en d\u00e9coulent? La s\u00e9lection naturelle, les mutations et la d\u00e9rive g\u00e9n\u00e9tique sont des forces majeures pr\u00e9sidant \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3771,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7640","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7640"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7640\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egce.universite-paris-saclay.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}